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Metformin Metformin has been recommended as the first-line glucose-lowering agent for the management of type 2 diabetes (T2D) for several decades due to its efficacy and safety profile.1–3 In fact, metformin has been widely used as an insulin-sensitizing agent for not only T2D but also pre-diabetes and polycystic ovary syndrome. The common side effects of metformin are […]

Diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) is the most common microvascular complication of diabetes, affecting approximately 50% of all people with diabetes (type 1 diabetes [T1D] and type 2 diabetes [T2D]).1 DPN is a major cause of disability due to sensory loss, gait instability and fall‐related injuries,1–5 and is the strongest risk factor for diabetic foot ulceration and amputation.1–4 Up to […]

Diabetes remains the most common cause of neuropathy in the US, and neuropathy is the most common complication and greatest source of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. Additionally, emerging studies suggest that impaired glucose tolerance may lead to polyneuropathy, particularly painful small-fiber neuropathy. It is estimated from epidemiological studies that the prevalence of neuropathy […]