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Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex, multisystemic condition characterized by reproductive, metabolic and dermatologic manifestations, including hyperandrogenism and ovulatory dysfunction. Despite its prevalence and significant impact on quality of life, PCOS remains underdiagnosed and poorly managed due to its ...
Eneboparatide is an investigational parathyroid hormone receptor 1 (PTH1R) agonist, designed to bind with high affinity to a specific conformation of PTH1R, which is expressed in the kidneys and bone. The goal of treatment is to restore function by producing sustained and stable levels of calcium in the blood and by restoring calcium reabsorption by the kidney.2,3 Eneboparatide has been developed to have a short half-life in order to preserve bone health.
Hyponatraemia is primarily a disorder of water balance or distribution, characterized by serum sodium (Nas) levels less than 135 mmol/L.1 Hyponatraemia is the most common electrolyte disorder among elderly patients and is associated with increased mortality rates and longer hospital ...
Article Highlights This study aims to find an effective and affordable biomarker panel for early non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) detection in Indian women with morbid obesity, given the rising prevalence of NAFLD and limited accessibility of ultrasound sonography (USG) ...
New research, published in the Nature journal, Communications Medicine has identified rare genetic variants that may contribute to the increased prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in multiple generations of Asian Indian families.1 The findings could provide new insights into ...
Article highlights There is growing clinical importance attributed to the development of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Numerous international groups now advocate screening for advanced fibrosis in people with risk factors, such as ...
Very few trials in the history of medical science have altered the treatment landscape as profoundly as the UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS). Even 44 years after its inception, the trial and post-study follow-up findings continue to fascinate and enlighten the ...
Dry eye disease (DED) is known as dry eye syndrome (DES) or keratoconjunctivitis sicca. According to the Tear Film and Ocular Surface Society’s Dry Eye Workshop II (TFOS DEWS II), it constitutes a multifactorial disease of the ocular surface, ...
The prevalence of diabetes during pregnancy is rapidly increasing. In the USA alone, an estimated 1–2% of pregnant women have type 1 diabetes (T1D) or type 2 diabetes (T2D), and an additional 6–9% develop gestational diabetes.1 From 2000 to 2010, the prevalence of gestational ...
Hepatic steatosis is the liver manifestation of metabolic syndrome and a common cause of chronic liver disease. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) diagnosis relies on the presence of hepatic steatosis, defined as >5% fat accumulation in the liver, as observed ...
Olaf Dekkers highlights this new European Society of Endocrinology and Endocrine Society Joint Clinical Guideline,1 the first of many future collaborations
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) is a ubiquitous, multifunctional, 766-amino acid, type 2 transmembrane glycoprotein, which participates in the regulation of metabolic functions, immune and inflammatory responses, cancer growth and cell adhesion.1Â It has two forms: the first is a membrane-bound form, which ...
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a multifactorial, multifaceted syndrome that affects women across all ages from adolescence to post-menopause. It is reported to be the most common endocrinopathy in women of the reproductive age group.1Â The nature of this syndrome ...
A recent study published in the BMJ has revealed a startling increase in the global prevalence of older individuals living with Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Over the past three decades, the number of people aged 65 and older with T1DM has surged by 180%, underscoring the urgent need for enhanced healthcare strategies and resources for this demographic.
Hyperthyroidism is prevalent in 0.1–2.5% of the population, and Graves’ disease is diagnosed in 80% of patients with hyperthyroidism.1,2 This condition arises from the uncontrolled, excessive activation of the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor by autoreactive TSH-receptor antibodies.2 Elevated thyroid hormones in hyperthyroidism ...
Thyroid nodules are common worldwide, and their prevalence is increasing. Most nodules are asymptomatic and detected incidentally on cross-sectional imaging or physical examination. In rare cases (10–15%), nodules are malignant and require diagnostic evaluation. Even malignant nodules frequently show non-aggressive behaviour.1 ...
Metformin Metformin has been recommended as the first-line glucose-lowering agent for the management of type 2 diabetes (T2D) for several decades due to its efficacy and safety profile.1–3 In fact, metformin has been widely used as an insulin-sensitizing agent for ...
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) continues to pose an ever-greater global health challenge, with 1.31 billion individuals predicted to be living with diabetes globally by 2050; the majority of whom will have T2D.1Â Closely linked to T2D is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic ...
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