Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) is a multifunctional serine ectopeptidase that cleaves and modifies a plethora of substrates, including regulatory peptides, cytokines and chemokines.
In this opinion piece, we appraise the International Evidence-based Guideline for the Assessment and Management of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome 2023 from a person-centric perspective.
Hyperthyroidism has a significant impact on the cardiovascular system, causing thyrotoxic cardiomyopathy, which is characterized by atrial fibrillation, left ventricular hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction, and may lead to heart failure. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and associated risk factors for heart failure in patients with hyperthyroidism.
‘Closed-loop’ systems mark a significant advancement in managing type 1 diabetes. These systems which continuously monitor glucose levels and automatically deliver insulin through a pump, help many individuals with type 1 diabetes maintain optimal glucose levels with greater ease. In this episode, we explore the progress, challenges and impact of these innovative technologies with Endocrinology Clinical Pharmacy Specialist, Dr Diana Isaacs, and highlight their future potential.
Education, Conference Coverage and Articles
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) is a ubiquitous, multifunctional, 766-amino acid, type 2 transmembrane glycoprotein, which participates in the regulation of metabolic functions, immune and inflammatory responses, cancer growth and cell adhesion.1 It has two forms: the first is a membrane-bound form, which ...
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a multifactorial, multifaceted syndrome that affects women across all ages from adolescence to post-menopause. It is reported to be the most common endocrinopathy in women of the reproductive age group.1 The nature of this syndrome ...
‘Closed-loop’ systems mark a significant advancement in managing type 1 diabetes. These systems which continuously monitor glucose levels and automatically deliver insulin through a pump, help many individuals with type 1 diabetes maintain optimal glucose levels with greater ease. In this episode, we explore the progress, challenges and impact of these innovative technologies with Endocrinology Clinical Pharmacy Specialist, Dr Diana Isaacs, and highlight their future potential.
Hyperthyroidism is prevalent in 0.1–2.5% of the population, and Graves’ disease is diagnosed in 80% of patients with hyperthyroidism.1,2 This condition arises from the uncontrolled, excessive activation of the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor by autoreactive TSH-receptor antibodies.2 Elevated thyroid hormones in hyperthyroidism ...
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Thyroid nodules are common worldwide, and their prevalence is increasing. Most nodules are asymptomatic and detected incidentally on cross-sectional imaging or physical examination. In rare cases (10–15%), nodules are malignant and require diagnostic evaluation. Even malignant nodules frequently show non-aggressive behaviour.1 ...
Metformin Metformin has been recommended as the first-line glucose-lowering agent for the management of type 2 diabetes (T2D) for several decades due to its efficacy and safety profile.1–3 In fact, metformin has been widely used as an insulin-sensitizing agent for ...
Tirzepatide is a first-in-class novel dual glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP)/glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist (twincretin), formulated as a synthetic peptide containing 39 amino acids based on the native GIP.1 Tirzepatide has a GIP receptor-binding affinity comparable with native GIP and ...
Welcome to the latest edition of touchREVIEWS in Endocrinology, which features a range of review, case report and original research articles that highlight some key developments in our understanding and management of endocrinological disease. We begin with a commentary from ...
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) continues to pose an ever-greater global health challenge, with 1.31 billion individuals predicted to be living with diabetes globally by 2050; the majority of whom will have T2D.1 Closely linked to T2D is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic ...
Cushing’s disease (CD) is caused by an adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-secreting pituitary adenoma, or rarely carcinoma, and is considered a highly morbid endocrine disorder with few medical options.1,2 Although transsphenoidal pituitary surgery (TSS) is the mainstay of treatment for ...
Amyloid goiter (AG) is a benign condition characterized by the deposition of amorphous proteinaceous material in the thyroid gland to an extent that results in detectable enlargement during clinical evaluation.1–3 Amyloid can infiltrate the thyroid gland in 15–50% of individuals with ...
The pioneering work carried out by the French scientist Alfred Jost in the mid-20th century clearly showed that, in the mammalian foetus, the internal and external genitalia virilize whenever the undifferentiated gonads develop into testes, whereas they undergo the ...
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is generally defined as “any degree of glucose tolerance with onset or first recognition during pregnancy”.1 It currently is one of the diseases with the highest morbidity among pregnant women.2 Determining its prevalence has been a ...
Despite the increasing body of knowledge of treatment strategies for diabetes, many patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are still in a persistent state of poor glycaemia.1,2 In clinical practice, achieving optimal glycaemic targets is challenging; the reasons are ...
Obesity defined as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that presents a risk to health, is a chronic disease linked to metabolic co-morbidities, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease, a reduced life expectancy, economic burden and reduced quality of ...
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the periodontium, or the supportive tissues around the tooth, which includes the gingival tissue, alveolar bone, cementum and the periodontal ligament.1 Caused by pathogenic bacteria, this disease has been recognized for at least 5,000 ...
Watch leading experts Prof. Moshe Phillip, Dr Sandro Loche and Prof. Antonio de Arriba discuss challenges in growth hormone disease management, and how digital health tools and data analytics can support HCPs and improve outcomes for patients.
Introducing the Editorial Board of touchREVIEWS in Endocrinology, who support our mission to advance medical knowledge and practice by ensuring the integrity, relevance, and impact of the content we publish. Together, we strive to foster a vibrant academic community and contribute to the continuous improvement of healthcare worldwide.
Diabetes
Director, Diabetes Division and Clinical Research Center of Iatriko P. Falirou Medical Center, Athens, Greece
Dr John Doupis is a former clinical research fellow of the Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, in Boston, MA, USA and scientific partner in Beth Israel Deaconess Foot Center Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. Currently, he is directing the Diabetes Division and Clinical Research Center of Iatriko P. Falirou Medical Center in Athens, Greece. He has served as a principal investigator in many multicentre phase I, II, III and IV clinical trials, most of which have been published in international journals or presented at congresses. He is a registered reviewer and a member of the editorial board for many major diabetes medical journals. He has given numerous lectures in national and international congresses, presenting over 200 abstracts. His special areas of interest are diabetes and its complications, especially obesity, diabetic neuropathy, diabetic foot, as well as the glucose sensing technologies and insulin pumps. In these fields, he has published more than 50 papers in international medical journals, having more than 1,500 citations.
Diabetes
Professor of Medicine at the Katholieke Universiteit and Chair of Endocrinology at the University Hospital Gasthuisberg Leuven, Belgium
Prof. Chantal Mathieu is a physician-scientist who has contributed to the field of diabetes and endocrinology through basic and clinical research. Her basic research work focuses on pathogenesis and prevention of type 1 diabetes. Prof. Mathieu’s clinical work involving new products and treatment paradigms in diabetes, such as new insulins, adjunct therapies and diagnosis of gestational diabetes have made her a speaker in international fora. Prof. Mathieu coordinates the European clinical trial network for interventions in type 1 diabetes ‘INNODIA’ and the European project ‘EDENT1FI’ on screening for type 1 diabetes. Prof. Mathieu is president of EASD and vice-president of the European Diabetes Forum.
Diabetes
Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) Program Coordinator and Endocrinology Clinical Pharmacy Specialist, Cleveland Clinic Diabetes Center, Cleveland, OH , USA
Diana Isaacs, PharmD, BCPS, BC-ADM, BCACP, CDCES is the Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) Program Coordinator and Endocrinology Clinical Pharmacy Specialist at the Cleveland Clinic Diabetes Center. She provides medication management and runs a robust CGM shared medical appointment program. Dr Isaacs is a Certified Diabetes Care and Education Specialist and holds board certifications in pharmacotherapy, ambulatory care and advanced diabetes management. She has numerous diabetes publications and research projects with a focus on medications, CGM and diabetes technology.
Diabetes
Emeritus Professor of Medicine and Professor of Nursing, Health and Community Systems at the University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
Linda Siminerio, RN, PhD is Emeritus Professor of Medicine and Professor of Nursing, Health and Community Systems at the University of Pittsburgh. She has led a career in diabetes research and education. An internationally recognized expert on self-management education and health care delivery models in both pediatric and adult populations, she serves as the Principal Investigator on many studies related to diabetes treatment.
Dr Siminerio has authored numerous publications and served as editor on several diabetes journals. She was President of Health Care and Education, American Diabetes Association and Senior Vice President, International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and Past-Chair of the National Diabetes Education Program (NDEP). In these positions, she has organized and led national and international efforts on the development of programs, standards and care models directed toward health professionals, patients and the community.
Dr Siminerio served as organizing chair for the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) World Diabetes Congress and IDF translation research program, Building Research in Diabetes Global Environments and Systems (BRIDGES).
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