The effect of once-weekly semaglutide 2.4 mg on the risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D) in people with obesity is unknown. Using data from the Semaglutide Treatment Effect in People with obesity (STEP) programme (STEP 1 and STEP 4) the risk of developing T2D over 10 years was assessed. In this touchENDOCRINOLOGY interview, Prof. Timothy […]

The REAL 4 trial is a multicenter, randomized, controlled, double-blind phase 3 study (NCT03811535) to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of once-weekly somapacitan vs once-daily growth hormone (GH). In this touchENDOCRINOLOGY interview, Prof. Bradley Miller (University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA) discusses the aims, design and results of the REAL 4 trial. The next […]

ONWARDS 4 compared once-weekly insulin icodec with once-daily insulin glargine, both in combination with mealtime insulin. The objective of the trial was to assess the efficacy and safety of insulin icodec in people with type 2 diabetes treated with basal and bolus insulin. In this touchENDOCRINOLOGY interview, Prof. Chantal Mathieu (University Hospital Gasthuisberg Leuven, Leuven, […]

Current evidence indicates cardio‐metabolic effects from antithyroid drugs and other definitive treatment options for hyperthyroidism. The EGRET study aimed to assess the differences in mortality and cardiometabolic outcomes depending on the method of treatment in order to better inform patient‐clinician decision‐making. In this touchENDOCRINOLOGY interview, Prof. Kristien Boelaert (University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom) discusses […]

Insulin remains an important diabetes treatment, with 150–200 million people worldwide requiring insulin therapy.1 While insulin is vital for managing type 1 diabetes, basal insulin is typically recommended for type 2 diabetes when non-insulin therapies are not enough to achieve glycaemic targets.2 Several barriers related to basal insulin therapy for type 2 diabetes contribute to non-achievement of glycaemic targets, including delay of insulin initiation or […]

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which impacts an estimated 25% of the world’s adult population,1–3 is the principal cause of chronic liver disease globally. NAFLD as a whole represents a pathological spectrum of liver injury, spanning from simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and liver fibrosis, with an evolutionary course to cirrhosis and risk of hepatocellular […]

In a 1958 article titled “Treatment of a pituitary dwarf with human growth hormone”, the merits of human growth hormone (GH) as a treatment for GH deficiency (GHD) were outlined by Raben.1 Beyond its use as a treatment for short stature, GH can be used for other manifestations associated with a GH-deficient state. Therefore, establishing a […]

Clinicians depend on accurate, precise and reproducible hormone measurements for the diagnosis and management of endocrine disorders. Immunoassays have constituted one of the major methods of measuring hormone levels in blood, urine and other fluids, as well as in tissue for over 50 years. The two major methodologies are competitive and non-competitive immunoassays, and each […]